Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

Document type: Multilateral
Field of application: Global
Date: Jun 23, 1979
Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-000495)

Title abbreviation: CMS
Title (French): Convention sur la conservation des espèces migratrices appartenant à la faune sauvage
Title (Spanish): Convención sobre la Conservación de Especies Migratorias de Animales Silvestres
Title (Other): Übereinkommen zur Erhaltung der wandernden wildlebenden Tierarten
Place of adoption: Bonn
Depository: Germany
Language: English, French, German, Russian, Spanish
Entry into force: Nov 1, 1983
Subject: Sea, Wild species & ecosystems
Keyword: Inventory Endangered species Biodiversity Ecosystem preservation Birds Protected animal species Research Protection of habitats Institution Protection of species Management/conservation Data collection/reporting Dispute settlement Wild fauna Protected area Mammals Migratory species

Abstract: Objectives: To protect those species of wild animals that migrate across or outside national boundaries. Summary of provision (a) Endangered migratory species to be listed in appendix I; (b) Migratory species to be subject to agreements listed in appendix II; (c) International agreements should deal with those aspects of the conservation and management of the migratory species concerned which serves to achieve the object of protection; (d) A scientific council to be established to provide advice on scientific matters; (e) A secretariat to be established. (Source: UNEP Register of International Treaties and Other Agreements in the Field of the Environment, 2005)
Comment: Applies to migratory species; the Parties to the Convention acknowledge the need to take action to avoid any migratory species becoming endangered; provides that, in particular, the Parties should promote, co-operate in and support research relating to migratory species and shall endeavour to provide immediate protection for migratory species included in Appendix I and to conclude agreements covering the conservation and management of migratory species included in Appendix II; Appendix I lists endangered migratory species; Appendix II lists migratory species of which the conservation status is unfavourable, as well as those which would significantly benefit from international agreements for their conservation and management; guidelines relating to the contents of such AGREEMENTs are provided; the Bonn Convention also establishes a Conference of the Parties to review the implementation of the Convention and to amend the appendices, a Scientific Council and a Secretariat.
Full text: English French Spanish
Website: www.cms.int
www.cms.int
www.auswaertiges-amt.de
Online course: Course for the National Focal Points for the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and its Instruments

Country/Territory/Participant

Countries	Entry into force	Ratification *	Simple signature
Afghanistan	Aug 1, 2015	May 1, 2015 [2]	-
Albania	Sep 1, 2001	Jun 1, 2001 [2]	-
Algeria	Dec 1, 2005	-	-
Angola	Dec 1, 2006	-	-
Antigua and Barbuda	Oct 1, 2007	-	-
Argentina	Jan 1, 1992	Oct 1, 1991 [2]	-
Armenia	Mar 1, 2011	Mar 1, 2011 [1]	-
Australia	Sep 1, 1991	Jun 26, 1991 [2]	-
Austria	Jul 1, 2005	Apr 1, 2005 [1]	-
Bangladesh	Dec 1, 2005	Sep 1, 2005 [1]	-
Belarus	Sep 1, 2003	Apr 30, 2003 [1]	Apr 30, 2003
Belgium	Oct 1, 1990	Jul 11, 1990 [2]	-
Benin	Apr 1, 1986	Jan 14, 1986 [2]	-
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	Mar 1, 2003	Dec 16, 2002 [2]	-
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Mar 1, 2018	Dec 1, 2017 [2]	-
Brazil	Oct 1, 2015	Jul 1, 2015 [2]	-
Bulgaria	Nov 1, 1999	Aug 1, 1999 [2]	-
Burkina Faso	Jan 1, 1990	Oct 9, 1989 [2]	-
Burundi	Jul 1, 2011	Jul 1, 2011 [1]	-
Cabo Verde	Apr 1, 2006	-	-
Cameroon	Nov 1, 1983	Sep 7, 1981 [1]	Jun 10, 1980
Central African Republic	Dec 1, 2018	-	Jun 23, 1979
Chad	Sep 1, 1997	Jun 1, 1997 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Chile	Nov 1, 1983	Sep 15, 1981 [2]	-
Congo	Jan 1, 2000	-	-
Congo, Dem. Rep. of	Sep 1, 1990	Jun 22, 1990 [2]	-
Cook Islands (New Zealand)	Aug 1, 2006	-	-
Costa Rica	Aug 1, 2007	-	-
Croatia	Oct 1, 2000	-	-
Cuba	Feb 1, 2008	-	-
Cyprus	Nov 1, 2001	-	-
Czech Republic	May 1, 1994	Feb 8, 1994 [2]	-
Côte d'Ivoire	Jul 1, 2003	Apr 1, 2003 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Denmark	Nov 1, 1983	Aug 5, 1982 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Djibouti	Nov 1, 2004	Aug 2, 2004 [2]	-
Dominican Republic	Feb 1, 2018	Nov 1, 2017 [2]	-
Ecuador	Feb 1, 2004	Dec 1, 2003 [2]	-
Egypt	Nov 1, 1983	Feb 11, 1982 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Equatorial Guinea	Aug 1, 2010	-	-
Eritrea	Feb 1, 2005	-	-
Estonia	Oct 1, 2008	-	-
Eswatini, Kingdom of	Jan 1, 2013	-	-
Ethiopia	Jan 1, 2010	-	-
European Union	Nov 1, 1983	Aug 1, 1983 [2]	-
Fiji	Apr 1, 2013	Apr 1, 2013 [3]	-
Finland	Jan 1, 1989	Oct 3, 1988 [2]	-
France	Jul 1, 1990	Apr 23, 1990 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Gabon	Aug 1, 2008	-	-
Gambia	Aug 1, 2001	Dec 14, 2000 [2]	-
Georgia	Jun 1, 2000	-	-
Germany	Oct 1, 1984	Jul 31, 1984 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Ghana	Apr 1, 1988	Jan 19, 1988 [2]	-
Greece	Oct 1, 1999	-	Jun 23, 1979
Guinea	Aug 1, 1993	-	-
Guinea-Bissau	Sep 1, 1995	Jun 19, 1995 [2]	-
Honduras	Apr 1, 2007	-	-
Hungary	Nov 1, 1983	Jul 12, 1983 [2]	-
India	Nov 1, 1983	May 4, 1982 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Feb 1, 2008	-	-
Iraq	Aug 1, 2016	May 1, 2016 [2]	-
Ireland	Nov 1, 1983	Aug 5, 1983 [1]	Jun 20, 1980
Israel	Nov 1, 1983	May 17, 1983 [2]	-
Italy	Nov 1, 1983	Aug 26, 1983 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Jordan	Mar 1, 2001	-	-
Kazakhstan	May 1, 2006	-	-
Kenya	May 1, 1999	Feb 26, 1999 [2]	-
Kyrgyzstan	Aug 1, 2014	May 1, 2014 [2]	-
Latvia	Jul 1, 1999	Apr 26, 1999 [2]	-
Lebanon	Sep 1, 2019	Jun 1, 2019 [2]	-
Liberia	Dec 1, 2004	Sep 2, 2004 [2]	-
Libya	Sep 1, 2002	May 31, 2002 [1]	-
Liechtenstein	Nov 1, 1997	Aug 18, 1997 [2]	-
Lithuania	Feb 1, 2002	Oct 8, 2001 [2]	-
Luxembourg	Nov 1, 1983	Nov 30, 1982 [1]	Mar 26, 1980
Madagascar	Jan 1, 2007	-	Jun 23, 1979
Malawi	Sep 1, 2019	-	-
Maldives	Nov 1, 2019	-	-
Mali	Oct 1, 1987	Jul 28, 1987 [2]	-
Malta	Jun 1, 2001	-	-
Mauritania	Jul 1, 1998	Feb 19, 1998 [2]	-
Mauritius	Jun 1, 2004	-	-
Moldova, Republic of	Apr 1, 2001	-	-
Monaco	Jun 1, 1993	Mar 1, 1993 [2]	-
Mongolia	Nov 1, 1999	-	-
Montenegro	Mar 1, 2009	Dec 9, 2008 [2]	-
Morocco	Nov 1, 1993	Aug 12, 1993 [2]	-
Mozambique	Aug 1, 2009	Aug 1, 2009 [1]	-
Netherlands	Nov 1, 1983	Jun 5, 1981 [1]	Jun 20, 1980
New Zealand	Oct 1, 2000	-	-
Niger	Nov 1, 1983	Jul 3, 1980 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Nigeria	Jan 1, 1987	Oct 15, 1986 [2]	-
North Macedonia	Nov 1, 1999	-	-
Norway	Aug 1, 1985	May 30, 1985 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Pakistan	Dec 1, 1987	Sep 22, 1987 [2]	-
Palau	Feb 1, 2008	-	-
Panama	May 1, 1989	Feb 20, 1989 [2]	-
Paraguay	Jan 1, 1999	Oct 12, 1998 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Peru	Jun 1, 1997	Mar 14, 1997 [2]	-
Philippines	Feb 1, 1994	-	Jun 20, 1980
Poland	May 1, 1996	Feb 1, 1996 [2]	-
Portugal	Nov 1, 1983	Jan 21, 1981 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Romania	Jul 1, 1998	Apr 14, 1998 [2]	-
Rwanda	Jan 1, 2005	-	-
Samoa	Nov 1, 2005	-	-
Sao Tome and Principe	Dec 1, 2001	Jul 22, 2001 [2]	-
Saudi Arabia	Mar 1, 1991	Dec 17, 1990 [2]	-
Senegal	Jun 1, 1988	Mar 18, 1988 [2]	-
Serbia	Mar 1, 2008	-	-
Seychelles	Aug 1, 2005	-	-
Slovakia	Mar 1, 1995	-	-
Slovenia	Feb 1, 1999	-	-
Somalia	Feb 1, 1986	Nov 11, 1985 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
South Africa	Dec 1, 1991	Sep 27, 1991 [2]	-
Spain	May 1, 1985	Feb 12, 1985 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Sri Lanka	Sep 1, 1990	Jun 6, 1990 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Sweden	Nov 1, 1983	Jun 9, 1983 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Switzerland	Jul 1, 1995	Apr 7, 1995 [2]	-
Syrian Arab Republic	Jun 1, 2003	-	-
Tajikistan	Feb 1, 2001	-	-
Tanzania, Un. Rep. of	Jul 1, 1999	Apr 23, 1999 [2]	-
Togo	Feb 1, 1996	Nov 9, 1995 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Trinidad and Tobago	Feb 28, 2019	Jan 12, 2018 [2]	-
Tunisia	Jun 1, 1987	May 27, 1987 [2]	-
Uganda	Aug 1, 2000	-	Jun 22, 1980
Ukraine	Nov 1, 1999	-	-
United Arab Emirates	May 1, 2016	Feb 1, 2016 [2]	-
United Kingdom	Oct 1, 1985	Jul 23, 1985 [1]	Jun 23, 1979
Uruguay	May 1, 1990	Feb 1, 1990 [2]	-
Uzbekistan	Sep 1, 1998	Jun 12, 1998 [2]	-
Yemen	Dec 1, 2006	-	-
Zimbabwe	Jun 1, 2012	-	Jun 1, 2012

* [1] Ratification [2] Accession/approbation [3] Acceptance/approval [4] Succession [5] Consent to be bound [6] Definite signature

References - Treaties

Enables: Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic Coast of Africa

Treaty | Multilateral | Abidjan | May 29, 1999

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, Turtles, Endangered species, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Maritime zone, Research, Wild fauna, Monitoring, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001323); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the Slender-billed Curlew

Treaty | Multilateral | Sep 10, 1994

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, Birds, Endangered species, Wetlands, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Research, Wild fauna, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001322); Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Sharks

Treaty | Multilateral | Manila | Feb 12, 2010

Keyword: Endangered species, Biodiversity, Capacity building, Climate change

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-154630); Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area

Treaty | Multilateral | Monaco | Nov 24, 1996

Keyword: Wild fauna, EIA, Migratory species, Protection of species, Institution, Protected area, Data collection/reporting, Protection of habitats, Ecosystem preservation, Marine area, Protected animal species, Research, Fishing gear/fishing method, Marine mammals, Monitoring, Biodiversity, Inventory, Management/conservation, Endangered species, Dispute settlement

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001242); Agreement on the Conservation of European Bats

Treaty | Multilateral | London | Dec 4, 1991

Keyword: Management/conservation, Research, Wild fauna, Migratory species, Mammals, Policy/planning, Protection of habitats, Protection of species, Protected animal species, Hunting/capture, Biodiversity, International agreement-text

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001154); Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and their Habitats

Treaty | Multilateral | Paris | Oct 26, 2007

Keyword: Wild fauna, Protection of species, Migratory species, Capacity building, Law reform/harmonization/deregulation, Biosphere reserves, Precautionary principle, Data collection/reporting, Protection of habitats, Mammals, Cultural heritage, Enforcement/compliance, Protected animal species, Research, Policy/planning, International agreement-text, Monitoring, Biodiversity, Management/conservation, Endangered species, Forest management/forest conservation

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-144926); Agreement on the Conservation of Seals in the Wadden Sea

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Oct 16, 1990

Keyword: Monitoring, Biodiversity, Protection of species, Data collection/reporting, Research, Wild fauna, International agreement-text, Protection of habitats, Stock enhancement/repopulation, Protected animal species, Marine mammals, Policy/planning, Management/conservation, Migratory species, Marine pollution

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001100); Memorandum of Understanding between the Argentine Republic and the Republic of Chile on the Conservation of the Southern Huemul

Treaty | Bilateral | Dec 4, 2010

Source: FAO, FAOLEX; IUCN (ID: TRE-159885); Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of High Andean Flamingos and their Habitats

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Dec 4, 2008

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146959); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the West African Populations of the African Elephant

Treaty | Multilateral | Nov 22, 2005

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, Endangered species, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Stock enhancement/repopulation, Research, Wild fauna, Mammals, Monitoring, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-144933); Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Southern South American Migratory Grassland Bird Species and their Habitats

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Aug 26, 2007

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146845); Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds

Treaty | Multilateral | The Hague | Jun 16, 1995

Keyword: Management/conservation, Research, Wild fauna, Protected area, Education, Migratory species, Policy/planning, Protection of habitats, Monitoring, Protection of species, Protected animal species, Wetlands, Alien species, Biodiversity, Stock enhancement/repopulation, International agreement-text, Ecosystem preservation, Data collection/reporting, Birds

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001221); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the Ruddy-headed Goose (Chloephaga rubidiceps)

Treaty | Bilateral | Buenos Aires | Nov 21, 2006

Source: FAO, FAOLEX; IUCN (ID: TRE-148523); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation and Restoration of the Bukhara Deer (Cervus elaphus bactrianus)

Treaty | Multilateral | Dushanbe | May 16, 2002

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Research, Mammals, Wild fauna, Monitoring, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001352); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the Aquatic Warbler (Acrocephalus paludicola)

Treaty | Multilateral | Minsk | Apr 30, 2003

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, Birds, Wetlands, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Stock enhancement/repopulation, Research, Wild fauna, Monitoring, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001413); Memorandum of Understanding concerning the Conservation of the Manatee and small Cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Oct 3, 2008

Keyword: Endangered species, Climate change

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146853); Agreement on the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of the Baltic, North East Atlantic, Irish and North Seas

Treaty | Multilateral | New York | Mar 17, 1992

Keyword: Endangered species, Management/conservation, Wild fauna, Research, Migratory species, Education, Protection of habitats, Policy/planning, Monitoring, Access-to-information, Protected animal species, Marine mammals, Bycatch, Biodiversity, Survey/mapping, International agreement-text, Inventory, Data collection/reporting, Birds

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001139); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South East Asia

Treaty | Multilateral | Manila | Sep 1, 2001

Keyword: Protection of species, Law reform/harmonization/deregulation, Biodiversity, Turtles, Capacity building, Endangered species, Management/conservation, Migratory species, Protected animal species, Maritime zone, Protection of habitats, International agreement-text, Research, Wild fauna, Monitoring, Policy/planning, Data collection/reporting

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-002342); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation, Restoration and Sustainable Use of the Saiga Antelope (Saiga tatarica tatarica)

Treaty | Multilateral | Almaty | Sep 24, 2006

Keyword: Wild fauna, Protection of species, Migratory species, Data collection/reporting, Protection of habitats, Ecosystem preservation, Mammals, Stock enhancement/repopulation, Protected animal species, Research, Sustainable use, Policy/planning, International agreement-text, Monitoring, Biodiversity, Management/conservation, Endangered species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-144929); Memorandum of Understanding Concerning Conservation Measures for the Siberian Crane

Treaty | Multilateral | Kushiro | Jun 16, 1993

Keyword: Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001295); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the Siberian Crane

Treaty | Multilateral | Ramsar | Dec 13, 1998

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, Birds, Wetlands, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Research, Wild fauna, Monitoring, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001318); Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of Cetaceans and their Habitats in the Pacific Islands Region

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Sep 6, 2006

Keyword: Endangered species, Biodiversity, Capacity building

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146843); Memorandum of Understanding concerning the Conservation of Migratory Birds of Prey in Africa and Eurasia

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Oct 22, 2008

Keyword: Climate change, Biodiversity

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146837); Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the Eastern Atlantic Populations of the Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus)

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Oct 18, 2007

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146847); Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels

Treaty | Multilateral | Canberra | Jun 19, 2001

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Capacity building, Birds, Endangered species, Wild fauna, Inventory, Marine pollution, Alien species, Research, EIA, Wildlife products, Management/conservation, Dispute settlement, International agreement-text, Maritime zone, Bycatch, Education, Protected animal species, Monitoring, Ecosystem preservation

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001351); Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of the Middle-European Population of the Great Bustard (Otis tarda)

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Oct 5, 2002

Keyword: Biodiversity, Data collection/reporting, Migratory species, Protection of habitats, Protected animal species, Management/conservation, Birds, International agreement-text, Policy/planning, Research, Wild fauna, Monitoring, Protection of species

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001414); Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Dugongs (Dugong dugon) and their Habitats throughout their Range

Treaty | Multilateral | Bonn | Oct 31, 2007

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-146844)

Cited by: Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife to the Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region

Treaty | Multilateral | Kingston | Jan 18, 1990

Keyword: Fishing gear/fishing method, Environmental planning, Wild fauna, Waste disposal, Wildlife products, Ecosystem preservation, Exploration, Protected area, Hunting/capture, EIA, Wild flora, Endangered species, Trade in species, Hunting gear/hunting methods, Biodiversity, Alien species, International relations/cooperation, Protection of habitats, Monitoring, International agreement-text, Public participation, Marine protected areas, Marine pollution, Data collection/reporting, Education, Policy/planning, Marine area, Navigation

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-001040); Protocol on Sustainable Transport to the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians

Treaty | Multilateral | Mikulov | Sep 26, 2014

Keyword: Air quality/air pollution, Ecosystem preservation, Emissions, Mountain area, Education, Aircraft noise, Vehicle noise, Public health, Air pollution (non-stationary sources), Transport/storage, Noise emission

Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-160036)

Other references

Treaty decisions: 318 decisions related to this treaty. View decisions

Literature: 111 records related to this treaty. View literature