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Towards an Ecosystem Approach to Management in Regional Marine Governance? The Baltic Sea Context

Auteur
Hassler B, Boström M, Grönholm S
Périodique/Collection
Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning | vol 15 (2); p.225 - 245
Date
2013
Source
IUCN (ID: ANA-091041)
Éditeur | Lieu de publication
Routledge | London, UK
ISSN
1523-908X
Type du document
Article en publication périodique
Langue
Anglais
Champ d'application
International
Sujet
Mer
Mot clé
Évaluation/gestion des risques Préservation de l'écosystème Gouvernance
Bassin
Mer Baltique
Résumé

Currently, European marine governance seems to be undergoing significant changes. From having been based largely on scientific expert knowledge, restricted risk assessments and governmental regulation, we are now witnessing a management turn towards holistic perspectives, the inclusion of stakeholders, adaptive governance, and co-production of knowledge—the so-called ecosystem approach to management (EAM). By using the Baltic Sea as an example of these changes, we have taken a closer look at the 2007 Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) of the Helsinki Commission and the recent organizational changes within the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Informed by a Reflexive Governance perspective, the primary objective has been to analyse the extent to which institutional preconditions for using an EAM exist in these two cases. Our results show that even though the BSAP has been designed with an EAM approach as its core philosophy, existing implementation, financing, monitoring, and enforcement structures make it unlikely that actual management modes will change significantly in the near feature. Changes in the ICES have occurred as a result of an internal restructuring process characterized by integrative and learning elements. It has been shown that adopting a broad social science perspective and a reflexive governance viewpoint can elucidate how factors such as inadequate institutional change, limited cooperation over sector borders, and adjustment problems caused by path dependency can threaten the successful turn towards the EAM in marine governance.