Act No. 36 on Water Resources, 1994 (Galli).

Sujet

Eau

Mot clé

Loi-cadre Législation de base Gestion des resources en eau douce Approvisionnement en eau Égouts Prélèvement d'eau Priorités Institution Entité non-gouvernementale Eaux usées/déversement Redevances pour les eaux Lutte contre la pollution Pollution des eaux douces

Aire géographique

Alpes, Europe, Europe et Asie Centrale, Pays de l'Union Européenne, Méditerranée, Europe du Sud

Résumé

The reform of Italy's highly fragmentated water supply and sewerage services industry is the main thrust of the statute. The Act provides for the phased consolidation of the existing systems, and for the establishment of new systems, on the basis of "optimal" areas of operation at basin, sub-basin or group of basins level, to be determined by the Regional Governments concerned, acting individually or, if an "optimal" area -or a relevant basin- concerns two or more Regions, jointly (art. 8). The municipal and the provincial levels of government retain joint primary responsibility for the service, but the actual provision can be entrusted to an independent undertaker, under the terms of the relevant agreement (arts. 9 and 11.1). The instrument of the agreement, in particular, must make provision for such matters as, among others, the economic efficiency of the undertaking, required standards of service, criteria for the levying and collection of water rates and charges, and the duration of the agreement, which may not exceed thirty years (art. 11.2). A water supply and sewerage company is permitted to engage in other business, so long as such other business is "compatible" with a company's primary obligation to provide water supply and sewerage services (art. 12.4). It can also issue bonds, available only to its customers (art. 23.1). The fixing of water rates and sewerage charges is the joint responsibility of central and local government. The central government establishes the benchmark level of rates nation-wide, for local governments to use as reference in fixing actual rates leviable by each company. In so doing, the central government must give due consideration to such factors as cost, among others, full recovery of investment and operating costs being mandatory. Domestic users are to be granted preferential rates (art. 13). Water rates shall include a sewerage levy, calculated on the basis of the volumes of water supplied or, in the case of industrial supplies, on the basis of the quantity and quality of the wastewater discharged (art. 14). Collection of the water rates is the company's responsibility (art. 15). A seven-member Committee of three elected government officials and four experts supervise the water industry and protect the consumers' interests. The Committee is assisted by a full-time secretariat, and by an "Observatory" of water services with data collection, storage and retrieval functions. Data thus collected is available to the public (arts. 21 and 22, respectively). In addition, the Act transfers ownership of all surface and undergroundwater resources to the State (art. 1.1), with the exception of rainwater collected in tanks for agricultural or domestic use (art. 28.3). Existing users of newly-declared public waters are given three years to apply for the recognition of their rights (art. 34).

Texte intégral

Italien

Site web

gazzettaufficiale.it

Références - Législation

Amende

Royal Decree No. 1775 making provision on water and electrical installations.

Législation | Italie | 1933 (2019)

Mot clé: Eaux souterraines, Eaux superficielles, Prélèvement d'eau, Droits d'utilisation de l'eau, Cour/tribunaux, Procédures judiciaires/procédures administratives, Enregistrement, Associations d'usagers de l'eau, Concession

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Implementé par

Prime Minister's Decree on Water Resources.

Législation | Italie | 1996

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Redevances pour les eaux, Insuffisance d'eau/sécheresse, Normes de qualité de l'eau, Politique/planification, Priorités, Institution de bassin, EIA

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 13 setting up the integrated water service and defining the optimal territorial areas to implement Act No. 36 of 5 January 1994.

Législation | Italie | 2005

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Principe de précaution, Gestion des resources en eau douce

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 91 on soil conservation.

Législation | Italie | 1998

Mot clé: Conservation du sol/amélioration du sol, Politique/planification, Gestion des resources en eau douce

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 18 making provision in matter of exploration and use of groundwater.

Législation | Italie | 1999

Mot clé: Eaux souterraines, Prélèvement d'eau, Forage de puits/puits, Droits d'utilisation de l'eau, Concession, Infractions/sanctions, Législation de base

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 81 of 1995 on water resources, implementing Law No. 36 of 1994.

Législation | Italie | 1995

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Institution, Gestion des resources en eau douce

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 63 of 1996 on the establishment of the integrated water service and of ATOs and providing for cooperation measures between local authorities .

Législation | Italie | 1996

Mot clé: Eaux usées/déversement, Gestion des resources en eau douce, Priorités, Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Institution, Lutte contre la pollution, Pollution des eaux douces

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 2 of 1997 on water resources in implementation of Act No. 36 of 1994.

Législation | Italie | 1997

Mot clé: Eaux usées/déversement, Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Gestion des resources en eau douce, Institution, Lutte contre la pollution, Pollution des eaux douces

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 6 of 1996 on the identification of ATO's (Optimal Territorial Areas) and on the integrated management of water resources in implementation of Act No. 36 of 1994.

Législation | Italie | 1996 (2000)

Mot clé: Gestion des resources en eau douce, Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Institution

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 10 of 1997 on the identification of ATO's (Optimal Territorial Areas) and on the integrated management of water resources, implementing Law No. 36 of 1994.

Législation | Italie | 1997

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Gestion des resources en eau douce, Institution

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 14 of 1997 implementing Law No. 36 of 1994 on the integrated management of water resources.

Législation | Italie | 1997

Mot clé: Gestion des resources en eau douce, Approvisionnement en eau, Priorités, Institution

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 5 laying down provisions on water resources and setting up the integrated water service.

Législation | Italie | 1998

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Gestion des resources en eau douce

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 18 on Water Resources, 1998.

Législation | Italie | 1998

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Priorités, Institution, Entité non-gouvernementale, Gestion des resources en eau douce

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 29 creating the integrated water service and determining the optimal territorial areas to implement Act No. 36 of 5 January 1994.

Législation | Italie | 1997

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Gestion des resources en eau douce, Contrat/accord

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 27 on the organization of the integrated water service.

Législation | Italie | 1999

Mot clé: Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Gestion des resources en eau douce, Politique/planification, Institution

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Regional Act No. 43 laying down provisions to implement Act No. 36 of 5 January 1994 on water resources.

Législation | Italie | 1997

Mot clé: Gestion des resources en eau douce, Approvisionnement en eau, Égouts, Prélèvement d'eau, Eaux usées/déversement, Institution, Lutte contre la pollution, Pollution des eaux douces

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Presidential Decree No. 238 implementing certain provisions of Act No. 36 of 5 January 1994 on water resources.

Législation | Italie | 1999

Mot clé: Eaux superficielles, Eaux souterraines, Eau de pluie

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Legislative Decree No. 152 concerning the protection of waters against pollution and implementing Directive 91/271 concerning urban wastewater treatment and Directive 91/676 concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources, integrated and amended by Legislative Decree No. 258 on the protection of waters against pollution.

Législation | Italie | 1999 (2000)

Mot clé: Lutte contre la pollution, Pollution des eaux douces, Eaux usées/déversement

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Ministerial Decree 8 January 1997, n. 99 Regulation on the criteria and method by which to evaluate the losses of aqueducts and sewers.

Législation | Italie | 1997

Mot clé: Ouvrages, Égouts, Eaux usées/déversement, Monitorage, Questions de procédures, Collecte de données/déclarations, Lutte contre la pollution, Pollution des eaux douces

Source: FAO, FAOLEX

Abrogé par

Legislative Decree No. 152/2006 approving the Code on the Environment.

Législation | Italie | 2006

Mot clé: Lutte contre la pollution, Qualité de l'air/pollution de l'air, Changement de climat, Émissions, EIA, Couche d'ozone, Substances dangereuses, Responsabilité/indemnisation, Principe pollueur-payeur, Principe de précaution, Monitorage, Autorisation/permis, Infractions/sanctions, Loi-cadre, Protection de l’environnement, Déchets dangereux, Désertification, Érosion, Pollution des eaux douces, Pollution de la mer, Pollution du sol/qualité, Effet transfrontière, Gestion des déchets, Remise en état des sols, Risques, Conservation du sol/amélioration du sol, Eaux usées/déversement, Élimination de déchets, Prévention des déchets, Recyclage/réemploi, Transport/dépôt, Mouvement transfrontière des déchets, Eaux continentales, Développement durable

Source: FAO, FAOLEX