Convention on International Liability for Damage caused by Space Objects (London Version) Document type Multilateral Field of application Global Date Mar 29, 1972 Source IUCN (ID: TRE-000417) Title (French) Convention sur la responsabilité internationale pour les dommages causés par des objets spatiaux (London Version) Title (Other) Übereinkommen über die völkerrechtliche Haftung für Schäden durch Weltraumgegenstände (London Version) Place of adoption London; Moscow; Washington D.C. Depository Russian Federation, United Kingdom, United States of America Language Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish Entry into force Sep 1, 1972 Subject Air & atmosphere Keyword Resource/damage valuation Liability/compensation Dispute settlement Outer space Abstract Objective: To elaborate effective international rules and procedures concerning liability for damage caused by space objects and to ensure the prompt payment of a full and equitable measure of compensation to victims of such damage. Summary of provisions: The term 'damage' is defined in Article I. Inter alia, launching States agree to be absolutely liable to pay compensation for damage caused by their space object on the surface of the earth (art. II). Compensation is to be determined in accordance to international law and principles of justice and equity to provide reparation that will restore the person, natural or juridical, State or international organisation to the situation which would have existed if the damage had not occurred (art XII). If the damage caused by a space object presents a large-scale danger to human life or seriously interferes with the living conditions of the population or the functioning of the vital centres, Parties undertake to examine the possibility of rendering rapid assistance to the State that has suffered the damage (art XXI). Institutional mechanisms: If no settlement to a claim is arrived at through diplomatic negotiations, the Parties concerned undertake to establish a Claims Commission (art. XIV) (Source: IUCN ELC, 08.2005) Full text English French Spanish Website www.oosa.unvienna.org treaties.fco.gov.uk Country/Territory/Participant See Expanded View Show Map Countries Entry into force Ratification * Simple signature Algeria - - Apr 20, 1972 Antigua and Barbuda Nov 1, 1987 Jan 26, 1989 [4] - Argentina Nov 14, 1986 Nov 14, 1986 [1] Apr 5, 1972 Australia Jan 20, 1975 Jan 20, 1975 [2] - Austria Jan 10, 1980 Jan 10, 1980 [1] May 30, 1972 Belgium Aug 13, 1976 Aug 13, 1976 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Brazil Mar 9, 1973 Mar 9, 1973 [1] Jul 13, 1972 Bulgaria Sep 1, 1972 May 16, 1972 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Canada Feb 20, 1975 Feb 20, 1975 [2] - China Dec 20, 1988 Dec 20, 1988 [2] - Colombia Jul 2, 2014 Jul 2, 2014 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Cyprus May 15, 1973 May 15, 1973 [1] Apr 28, 1972 Czech Republic Jan 1, 1993 Sep 29, 1993 [4] - Czechoslovakia Sep 9, 1976 Sep 9, 1976 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Denmark Apr 1, 1977 Apr 1, 1977 [1] Apr 19, 1972 Egypt - - Jun 6, 1972 El Salvador Jul 11, 2016 Jul 11, 2016 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Fiji May 4, 1973 May 4, 1973 [2] - Finland Feb 1, 1977 Feb 1, 1977 [1] Mar 29, 1972 France Dec 31, 1975 Dec 31, 1975 [2] - Gabon Feb 5, 1982 Feb 5, 1982 [2] - Gambia - - Aug 8, 1972 Germany Dec 18, 1975 Dec 18, 1975 [2] - Greece May 4, 1977 May 4, 1977 [1] - Hungary Dec 27, 1972 Dec 27, 1972 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Iceland - - Mar 29, 1972 India Jul 9, 1979 Jul 9, 1979 [2] - Indonesia May 9, 1996 May 9, 1996 [2] - Iran, Islamic Republic of Feb 21, 1974 Feb 21, 1974 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Ireland Sep 1, 1972 Jun 29, 1972 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Israel Jun 23, 1977 Jun 23, 1977 [2] - Italy Feb 22, 1983 Feb 22, 1983 [1] Apr 14, 1972 Japan Jun 20, 1983 Jun 20, 1983 [2] - Korea, Republic of - - Mar 29, 1972 Kuwait Oct 30, 1972 Oct 30, 1972 [1] Jun 20, 1972 Lao, People's Dem. Rep. Apr 25, 1973 Apr 25, 1973 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Lebanon May 23, 2006 May 23, 2006 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Libya Apr 20, 2010 Apr 20, 2010 [2] - Liechtenstein Jan 9, 1980 Jan 9, 1980 [2] - Luxembourg Oct 18, 1983 Oct 18, 1983 [1] Apr 27, 1972 Malta Jan 13, 1978 Jan 13, 1978 [2] - Mexico Apr 8, 1974 Apr 8, 1974 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Mongolia Sep 14, 1972 Sep 14, 1972 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Montenegro Jun 3, 2006 Dec 12, 2006 [4] - Morocco - - Apr 4, 1972 Nepal - - Mar 29, 1972 Netherlands Feb 17, 1981 Feb 17, 1981 [2] - New Zealand Oct 30, 1974 Oct 30, 1974 [1] Jun 19, 1972 Nicaragua - - Apr 11, 1972 Nigeria Dec 21, 2005 Dec 21, 2005 [2] - Norway - - Mar 29, 1972 Oman - - Jun 23, 1972 Pakistan Apr 10, 1973 Apr 10, 1973 [1] Jul 6, 1972 Panama - - Mar 29, 1972 Papua New Guinea Oct 27, 1980 Oct 27, 1980 [4] - Poland Jan 25, 1973 Jan 25, 1973 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Qatar Jan 11, 1974 Jan 11, 1974 [2] - Romania Mar 18, 1980 Mar 18, 1980 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines May 13, 1999 May 13, 1999 [2] - Seychelles Jan 5, 1978 Jan 5, 1978 [2] - Singapore Aug 19, 1975 Aug 19, 1975 [1] Jul 19, 1972 Slovakia Jan 1, 1993 Apr 7, 2006 [4] - Slovenia May 27, 1992 May 27, 1992 [4] - South Africa Dec 14, 2011 Dec 14, 2011 [1] - Sri Lanka May 3, 1973 May 3, 1973 [2] - Sweden Jun 15, 1976 Jun 15, 1976 [2] - Switzerland Jan 22, 1974 Jan 22, 1974 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Tunisia Jun 6, 1973 Jun 6, 1973 [1] Apr 6, 1972 Turkey Feb 15, 2007 Feb 15, 2007 [2] - United Kingdom Oct 9, 1973 Oct 9, 1973 [1] Mar 29, 1972 United States of America Oct 9, 1973 Oct 9, 1973 [1] Mar 29, 1972 Venezuela, Boliv. Rep. of Aug 1, 1978 Aug 1, 1978 [1] - Yugoslavia Oct 20, 1975 Oct 20, 1975 [2] - Zambia Aug 28, 1973 Aug 28, 1973 [2] - former USSR/Soviet Union Oct 9, 1973 Oct 9, 1973 [1] Mar 29, 1972 * [1] Ratification [2] Accession/approbation [3] Acceptance/approval [4] Succession [5] Consent to be bound [6] Definite signature reset zoom out zoom in References - Treaties Cites Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and other Celestial Bodies (London Version) Treaty | Multilateral | London; Moscow; Washington D.C. | Jan 27, 1967 Keyword: Research, International relations/cooperation, Exploration, Military activities, Outer space Source: IUCN (ID: TRE-000413) Other references Literature 6 records related to this treaty. View literature