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Law No. 74-V “On State Guarantees of the Rights of the Child”.

Country/Territory
Turkmenistan
Document type
Legislation
Date
2014 (2017)
Source
FAO, FAOLEX
Subject
Food & nutrition, General
Keyword
Human rights Breastfeeding/infant food Gender Public health Education Ecofriendly products/ecofriendly processes Ecological production/organic production Food quality control/food safety Nutrition
Geographical area
Asia, Caspian Sea, Central Asia, CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), Europe and Central Asia, Landlocked Developing Nations, North Asia
Entry into force notes
This Law enters into force on the date of its official publication.
Abstract

This Law determines the legal, social, economic and organizational basis of state policy in the field of protection of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the child, determines the legal status of the child as independent subject and is aimed at ensuring its comprehensive development thereof. Child shall be intended a person who has not reached the age of eighteen years (majority). Childhood shall be intended the period of a child's life until he/she reaches the age of majority. Turkmenistan guarantees the equality of rights and freedoms of every child, living in the territory of Turkmenistan, regardless of nationality, race, gender, origin, social and property status, place of residence of himself and his parents, language, education, attitude to religion, circumstances of his birth, state of health or other circumstances. The rights of the child cannot be restricted, except in cases established by the legislation of Turkmenistan. Any actions and (or) inaction that restrict the rights and legal interests of the child are invalid. State policy in the interests of the child is aimed at: (a) protection of the life and health of the child, protection of motherhood, fatherhood and childhood; (b) assisting the family in the harmonious development of the child, increasing its role in the upbringing and development of the child; (c) encouragement of the family form of child education; (d) protection of the right of child to favorable environment; (d) protection of the child from the consumption of foods containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, precursors and their analogues, and also genetically modified sources and other substances and compounds putting at risk life and health of the child; and (e) providing the child with environmentally friendly, high-quality and safe food, encouraging the production of high-quality foodstuffs. Every child has the right to protection and strengthening of health. Every child has the right to education, which is one of the fundamental and inalienable constitutional rights of the citizens of Turkmenistan. Every child has the right to rest, recreation and health improvement, the right to participate in sports games and cultural and entertainment events, according to his age and state of health. Every child has the right to work. The conclusion of an employment contract with a child is allowed only with his consent and the consent of one of his parents (guardian, tutor), as well as with the permission of body of guardianship and guardianship, including cinematography organizations, theater and concert organizations, circuses to participate in the creation and (or) performance of works, in the event that labor activity will not prevent him from continuing his studies at school, harm his health and moral development. In this case, the employment contract on behalf of the employee shall be signed by his parent (guardian, custodian), consent and permission for the conclusion of an employment contract are drawn up in writing. Engaging a child in labor is allowed by concluding a labor contract with reduced hours of work in the order established by the labor legislation of Turkmenistan. The state protects the child from all forms of exploitation at work by means of legal, economic, social, medical and educational character. It is prohibited to use the labor of a child under the age of eighteen for work with special working conditions, as well as work, the performance of which may harm his health and moral development (gambling business, production, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, narcotic, toxic and other means). It is forbidden to involve a child under the age of eighteen years in night work, overtime work, work on weekends, non-working holidays and commemorative days, as well as to send him on official business trips. It is not allowed to involve the child during the school year in agricultural and other work related to his separation from studies.

Full text
Russian
Website
minjust.gov.tm