European Energy Charter (Dec. 17, 1991) Countries/Territories Entry into force Simple signature Afghanistan Aug 4, 2006 Aug 4, 2006 Albania Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Armenia Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Australia Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Austria Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Azerbaijan Dec 19, 1991 Dec 19, 1991 Belarus Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Belgium Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Bosnia and Herzegovina Apr 6, 1995 Apr 6, 1995 Bulgaria Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Burundi Aug 11, 2015 Aug 11, 2015 Canada Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Chad Apr 22, 2015 Apr 22, 2015 Croatia Feb 5, 1993 Feb 5, 1993 Cyprus Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Czech Republic Feb 5, 1993 Feb 5, 1993 Denmark Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Estonia May 18, 1992 May 18, 1992 European Union Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 EURATOM European Atomic Energy Community Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Finland Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 France Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Georgia Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Germany Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Greece Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Hungary Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Iceland Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Indonesia Jun 18, 2009 Jun 18, 2009 Ireland Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Italy Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Japan Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Jordan Dec 7, 2007 Dec 7, 2007 Kazakhstan Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Kyrgyzstan Feb 13, 1992 Feb 13, 1992 Latvia Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Liechtenstein Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Lithuania Apr 3, 1992 Apr 3, 1992 Luxembourg Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Malta Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Mauritania Apr 29, 2014 Apr 29, 2014 Moldova, Republic of Feb 12, 1992 Feb 12, 1992 Mongolia Apr 25, 1997 Apr 25, 1997 Montenegro Nov 27, 2012 Nov 27, 2012 Morocco Sep 20, 2012 Sep 20, 2012 Netherlands Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Niger Apr 22, 2015 Apr 22, 2015 Norway Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Pakistan Dec 9, 2005 Dec 9, 2005 Palestinian Authority Sep 15, 2014 Sep 15, 2014 Poland Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Portugal Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Romania Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Russian Federation Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Serbia Jul 4, 2001 Jul 4, 2001 Slovakia Feb 5, 1993 Feb 5, 1993 Slovenia Oct 15, 1992 Oct 15, 1992 Spain Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Sweden Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Switzerland Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Syrian Arab Republic Jun 28, 2010 Jun 28, 2010 Tajikistan Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Turkey Apr 3, 1996 Apr 3, 1996 Turkmenistan Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Ukraine Jun 9, 1994 Jun 9, 1994 United Kingdom Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 United States of America Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Uzbekistan Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 Yemen Dec 17, 1991 Dec 17, 1991 North Macedonia Nov 3, 2014 Nov 3, 2014